Wonderful Hindi SMS ……….
• Haskar hame rula mat dena, Khas banakar geir bana mat dena, Mana ki roz aapse milte nahi, Isi bat ka bahana banakar bhula mat dena.
• Husband wife ghumane gaye, Raste mein ek GADHA ghas kha raha tha, Husband bola…vo dekho tumhara ristedar ghas kha raha hai namaste karo, wife boli……NAMASTE DEVERJI.
• 2love someone is madness, 2be loved by someone is gift, 2 love someone who loves you is duty but 2be loved by someone whom you love is......LIFE.
• Harpal haske jiya karte hai, tumse har bat kiya karte hai, tum khas ho hamare liye, Isiliye harpal tumhe yaad kiya karte hai.
• Nishane pe Jo lage use kehte he teer, Dil me jo utar jaye use kahte he tasveer, Aur aap jaise dost ka saath mile to use kahte hai takdir.
• Don ke patang ka intezar to 11 gharo k terrace kar rahe hai, lekin Don ka patang pkdana mushkil hi nahi namumkin hai, kyki…Don ko patang udana hi nahi aata.
• Apko har safar ka kinara milega, chamkata hua har sitara milega, Ayegi chehre pe pyari si “MUSKAN”, message jab bhi aap ko hamara milega.
• Suraj ugta hai aapki kadmo ki aahat se, har kali khilti hai aap ke jagne se, jyada mat soiye ab jagiye, kyoki har subah hoti hai aap ke muskurane se.
• Geet ki zarurat dil main hoti hai, sangit ki zarurat mehfil main hoti hai,phir bhi adhuri hai ye zindgi kyuki ek dost ki zarurat har pal hoti hai.
• Bhagvan Shankar and Parvati kabhi computer kyu nahi sikh paye? Tell tell nahi malum kyuki har bar Ganeshji MOUSE lekar bhag jate the.
• Khamosh raat ke pahelu main sitare na hote, in rukhi aakhon main rangin nazare na hote, ham bhi na karte parvah aapki, agar aap itne pyare na hote…….
• If 100% of the people love u, make sure I am one of them, If 99% hate u make sure I am the 1% which love u, If 100% hate u, make sure I am dead…
• Lamha- lamha jodkar zindgi banai, Zindagi main aapki dosti ki mahek aai,dosti ke naam kar diye kuchh lamhe, baki lamho main aapki yaad aai...
• We spend our days waiting for an ideal path to appear in front of us, but what we forget is that, paths are made by walking, not by waiting.
• Wonderful couples in this world, Heart and beats, Night and moon, Music and songs, Roses and love, Fish and water, my message and your smile.
• Messages are not for time pass, they silently say that I am thinking of you right now and also making you to think of me for a moment…
• There are two great days in a person’s life: The day we are born and the day we discover why we born?
• Nothing can be done by changing face, but everything can be done by facing the change.
• Friendship is not an exam to pass or fail, it’s not a competition to win or lose, but it’s a feeling in which you care for someone more than what you do for yourself.
• What is would similarity between Bill Gates and me? Don’t know? So simple, he never comes to my house and I never go to his house. You know EGO PROBLEM?
• The small moon can eclipse the great sun, you too can do great things if set yourself in the right place at the right time.
• One best book is equal to hundred good friends, but one good encouraging friend is more than a library.
Friday, October 12, 2007
HIMACHAL PRADESH, Haven on the earth
Himachal Pradesh, spread over 55,673 sq.km. Is bordered by Jammu and Kashmir on north, Punjab on west and south-west, Haryana on south Uttaranchal on south -east and by Tibet on the east. It is a mountainous region, known for the natural beauty of its forests, rivers, valleys, hills and dales and is rich in natural resources. The Kangra valley is a longitudinal trough at the foot of the Dhauladhar range. Dhauladhar which means the 'White Peak' has a mean elevation of about 4550 meters. It has an abrupt rise of 3600mtrs above the Kangra valley. The largest of the lesser Himalayan ranges, the Pir Panjal, branches off from the greater Himalayan range near the bank of the river Sutlej. Numerous glaciers exist and several passes lie across Pir Panjal. The Rohtang Pass (4800mtrs) is one of them.
Himachal has 49 cities and towns. The smallest town is Naina Devi and the largest is Shimla with a population of about 6, 17,404. Urban population is only 7.5% of the total population. Most of the people live in rural habitations varying in size from isolated hamlets to conglomerated settlements.Himachal Pradesh, the land of eternal snow peaks abounds in exotic valleys, glorious green hill-slopes, snowcapped mountains, gushing streams and the hills of Himalaya welcome the tourists from all over the world. In this mountain wonderland, the pace of life is measured and tranquil. Himachal Pradesh is full of hill resorts, pilgrimages, adventure sports destinations, and wildlife that attract a wide range of tourist traffic. Today, Himachal Pradesh is one of the most important tourist destinations in India. It also has excellent trekking. Main tourist complexes are Shimla, Palampur, Dharamsala, Kulu-Manali, and Chamba-Dalhousie. Temple at Bhima Kali, Sarahan, Hatkoti, Jwalajee, Chamunda Devi, Chintpurni, Renuka and Rewalsar, Deoth Siddh and Naina Devi are major attractions for pilgrims. Tourist complexes are also being set up at Keylong, Kaza, Sangla, Shoja, Kalpa, Khadrala, Kharapathar, Chindi, Bharmour, Chansal and Naggar castle. Hang-gliding competitions are held in Kangra valley. Solang Nallah slopes are getting popular for winter sports. There is an art gallery in Naggar and museums in Chamba, Shimla and Dharamasala. The beautiful tourist resort of Khajjair in Chamba district has been christened as the Switzerland of Himachal Pradesh.
DANCES
Himachal is a land of dances. Its dance forms are varied and some are quite complicated. These dances are an inseparable part of tribal life which reflects the great perseverance and good humour of the human beings in the face of poverty and death. No festivity here is completed without dancing. The dance forms like Dulshol, Dharveshi, Drodi, Dev Naritya, Rakshas Nritya, Dangi, Lasa, Nati and Nagas are danced all over the state and provide a welcome break in the monotony of life. The Kayang Mala dance is very popular in Himachal. 'Chhambha' is similar to the Punjabi dance Bhangra. Dressed in their demon costumes and masks, the dancers look quite awesome. The Nagas Kayang is a dance which copies the movement of a snake. The Herki Kayang is faster in tempo and is danced to a romantic song. This dance is performed by young men and women. The Shuna Kayang dance is danced in most villages in the area and it combines both slow and fast movements. This is a popular dance at festivals. These are two popular dances of the Lahaul valley people and are danced at the Buddhist Gompas in the memory of the Buddha. Shan means a song of prayer for the Buddha. It is a tribal dance which is performed at the completion of the harvesting of crops.
ART AND CRAFTS
Stone and metal sculpture, drawing, carpentry, jewellery making, dyeing and printing of fabrics, spinning and weaving, making toys, shoes or dolls and tattooing are the folk crafts of Himachal Pradesh. Studios in Chatarahadi, Bharmaur and Bojora have produced several beautiful bronze sculptures in the past. The statues of Ardha Vishnu are beautiful examples of the art of metal casting. Some statue forms found in the state are those of Shiva and his wife Parvati, Ganesh, Vishnu in Baikunth, Uma-Maheshwar, Mahishasur Mardini (Durga), Kartikeya and Durga as Shakti. Their shapes and postures follow the strict classical patterns. The Shimla and Nirmand areas produced good artists.The traditional metal pots produced locally have a beautiful finish. The Mangath region in Kangra district is well-known for brass utensils.The temples and Madhis in the Himachal area are full of stone statues of deities. The tribal areas have their own kind of statues which reflect the religious beliefs of the tribals.In the Googa Madhis in the villages, the Googa and his Googadi, his horse and soldiers are carved out in great details. Many walls display beautiful relief work. The Shiva temple at Baijnath and the Krishna temples at Masroor are carved out of a single rock. The temples at Chamba, Mandi, Kulu and Bilaspur areas display feats of architectural skill by local artisans much before the advancement of science. Stone masons can be found in each area and locality in Himachal.Wall paintings are an essential part of the art of the hilly regions. The wall paintings in the Sheesh Mahal show the influence of the Kangra School. These are usually made in houses of the rich by women from poorer families. The wall paintings done by women on the occasion of fasts and festivals describe the stories connected with the occasion.
Himachal has 49 cities and towns. The smallest town is Naina Devi and the largest is Shimla with a population of about 6, 17,404. Urban population is only 7.5% of the total population. Most of the people live in rural habitations varying in size from isolated hamlets to conglomerated settlements.Himachal Pradesh, the land of eternal snow peaks abounds in exotic valleys, glorious green hill-slopes, snowcapped mountains, gushing streams and the hills of Himalaya welcome the tourists from all over the world. In this mountain wonderland, the pace of life is measured and tranquil. Himachal Pradesh is full of hill resorts, pilgrimages, adventure sports destinations, and wildlife that attract a wide range of tourist traffic. Today, Himachal Pradesh is one of the most important tourist destinations in India. It also has excellent trekking. Main tourist complexes are Shimla, Palampur, Dharamsala, Kulu-Manali, and Chamba-Dalhousie. Temple at Bhima Kali, Sarahan, Hatkoti, Jwalajee, Chamunda Devi, Chintpurni, Renuka and Rewalsar, Deoth Siddh and Naina Devi are major attractions for pilgrims. Tourist complexes are also being set up at Keylong, Kaza, Sangla, Shoja, Kalpa, Khadrala, Kharapathar, Chindi, Bharmour, Chansal and Naggar castle. Hang-gliding competitions are held in Kangra valley. Solang Nallah slopes are getting popular for winter sports. There is an art gallery in Naggar and museums in Chamba, Shimla and Dharamasala. The beautiful tourist resort of Khajjair in Chamba district has been christened as the Switzerland of Himachal Pradesh.
DANCES
Himachal is a land of dances. Its dance forms are varied and some are quite complicated. These dances are an inseparable part of tribal life which reflects the great perseverance and good humour of the human beings in the face of poverty and death. No festivity here is completed without dancing. The dance forms like Dulshol, Dharveshi, Drodi, Dev Naritya, Rakshas Nritya, Dangi, Lasa, Nati and Nagas are danced all over the state and provide a welcome break in the monotony of life. The Kayang Mala dance is very popular in Himachal. 'Chhambha' is similar to the Punjabi dance Bhangra. Dressed in their demon costumes and masks, the dancers look quite awesome. The Nagas Kayang is a dance which copies the movement of a snake. The Herki Kayang is faster in tempo and is danced to a romantic song. This dance is performed by young men and women. The Shuna Kayang dance is danced in most villages in the area and it combines both slow and fast movements. This is a popular dance at festivals. These are two popular dances of the Lahaul valley people and are danced at the Buddhist Gompas in the memory of the Buddha. Shan means a song of prayer for the Buddha. It is a tribal dance which is performed at the completion of the harvesting of crops.
ART AND CRAFTS
Stone and metal sculpture, drawing, carpentry, jewellery making, dyeing and printing of fabrics, spinning and weaving, making toys, shoes or dolls and tattooing are the folk crafts of Himachal Pradesh. Studios in Chatarahadi, Bharmaur and Bojora have produced several beautiful bronze sculptures in the past. The statues of Ardha Vishnu are beautiful examples of the art of metal casting. Some statue forms found in the state are those of Shiva and his wife Parvati, Ganesh, Vishnu in Baikunth, Uma-Maheshwar, Mahishasur Mardini (Durga), Kartikeya and Durga as Shakti. Their shapes and postures follow the strict classical patterns. The Shimla and Nirmand areas produced good artists.The traditional metal pots produced locally have a beautiful finish. The Mangath region in Kangra district is well-known for brass utensils.The temples and Madhis in the Himachal area are full of stone statues of deities. The tribal areas have their own kind of statues which reflect the religious beliefs of the tribals.In the Googa Madhis in the villages, the Googa and his Googadi, his horse and soldiers are carved out in great details. Many walls display beautiful relief work. The Shiva temple at Baijnath and the Krishna temples at Masroor are carved out of a single rock. The temples at Chamba, Mandi, Kulu and Bilaspur areas display feats of architectural skill by local artisans much before the advancement of science. Stone masons can be found in each area and locality in Himachal.Wall paintings are an essential part of the art of the hilly regions. The wall paintings in the Sheesh Mahal show the influence of the Kangra School. These are usually made in houses of the rich by women from poorer families. The wall paintings done by women on the occasion of fasts and festivals describe the stories connected with the occasion.
Difference between LOVE and AFFECTION
LOVE is many things: the protective love of a mother for her child, the passion of a couple newly in loves, the deep love of long-term companions and the divine love of God. Some cultures have 10 or more words for different forms of love, and poets and songwriters always find myriad aspects of love to celebrate. Is there anything universal behind all this diversity? As Pope Benedict recently asked in his first encyclical letter: "Are all the forms of love basically one, so that love is ultimately a single reality?” It is about feeling with someone, rather than just for them. You try to put yourself in their shoes, to enter into their situation. It comes from your intestines. The word love appears in many contexts: there’s maternal love, familial love, romantic love, sexual love, a wider love for fellow humans and religious love for God, to name but a few. Some cultures have ten or more words for different forms of love, and poets and songwriters always find myriad aspects of love to celebrate. The science of love is still in its infancy. Yet scientists are beginning to get early insights into the nature and origin of love. We can now look inside human brains to view changing patterns of activity and biochemical changes that take place during love.
In the brain, romantic love shows similarities to going mildly insane or suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder. Lust is driven by sex hormones such as testosterone, which can go off-kilter too. And love is not only restricted to partnerships between men and women. IT IS a common observation that we are attracted to people who resemble us. We are more likely to like them, bond with them and have stable relationships with them - a phenomenon that social scientists call "homophily". This seems to make sense: partners of the same age, race, religion or educational level, or who have similar personalities and attitudes, will reinforce each other's self-esteem, find mutually enjoyable pursuits and receive support from their extended families and social networks.
Many factors add up to make us desirable to potential partners. There's the obvious stuff like symmetrical features and good skin - which showcase a healthy development, immune system and good genes. Women look for tall men with masculine faces, kindness, wealth and status. Men prefer young, fertile women with a low waist-to-hip ratio and who are not too tall. Neither sex is very keen on people who wear glasses.
Beauty can come at a price however. Other factors are more random - a woman's attractiveness and pheromones can fluctuate with her hormone levels and menstrual cycle. As a consequence, taking the pill can inhibit a woman's ability to select an appropriate mate. When men and women are attracted to each other, fall in love and enter into lasting relationships, they are choosing partners who differ from themselves. At the very least they differ biologically, in physical appearance and body function - but that is just the beginning. For men and women also differ from each other, statistically at least, in cognitive traits such as visuospatial skills, navigational strategies, verbal fluency, memory skills and mathematical reasoning, and in aspects of personality such as aggressiveness, competitiveness, self-esteem, risk-taking, neuroticism, emotional sensitivity, Unfortunately, it's not all wine and roses when it comes to love. Ecstasy, euphoria, elation and contentment may be accompanied by jealousy, rage, rejection, and hatred. Falling in love may have evolved because people, who focus their attention on a single ideal partner save time and energy, therefore improve their chances of survival and reproduction. Unfortunately, this also means people are pre-disposed to terrible suffering when jilted by their beloved. Painful emotions develop when the reward centers of the brain, associated with the dopamine high of falling in love, fail to get their hit. Paradoxically when we get dumped we tend to love back even harder, as the brain networks and chemicals associated with love increase. First we protest and attempt to win the beloved back. Panic also kicks in as we feel something akin to the separation anxiety experiences by young mammals abandoned by their mothers. While love in virtual worlds may still be unusual, less intense online relationships have become commonplace. A study completed last month by the non-profit Pew Internet & American Life Project based in Washington DC found that 74 per cent of single internet users in the US have taken part in at least one online dating-related activity, including sites specifically devoted to finding a match, while 15 per cent of American adults say they know someone who has been in a long-term relationship with a partner they met online. So it is the big attraction.
In the brain, romantic love shows similarities to going mildly insane or suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder. Lust is driven by sex hormones such as testosterone, which can go off-kilter too. And love is not only restricted to partnerships between men and women. IT IS a common observation that we are attracted to people who resemble us. We are more likely to like them, bond with them and have stable relationships with them - a phenomenon that social scientists call "homophily". This seems to make sense: partners of the same age, race, religion or educational level, or who have similar personalities and attitudes, will reinforce each other's self-esteem, find mutually enjoyable pursuits and receive support from their extended families and social networks.
Many factors add up to make us desirable to potential partners. There's the obvious stuff like symmetrical features and good skin - which showcase a healthy development, immune system and good genes. Women look for tall men with masculine faces, kindness, wealth and status. Men prefer young, fertile women with a low waist-to-hip ratio and who are not too tall. Neither sex is very keen on people who wear glasses.
Beauty can come at a price however. Other factors are more random - a woman's attractiveness and pheromones can fluctuate with her hormone levels and menstrual cycle. As a consequence, taking the pill can inhibit a woman's ability to select an appropriate mate. When men and women are attracted to each other, fall in love and enter into lasting relationships, they are choosing partners who differ from themselves. At the very least they differ biologically, in physical appearance and body function - but that is just the beginning. For men and women also differ from each other, statistically at least, in cognitive traits such as visuospatial skills, navigational strategies, verbal fluency, memory skills and mathematical reasoning, and in aspects of personality such as aggressiveness, competitiveness, self-esteem, risk-taking, neuroticism, emotional sensitivity, Unfortunately, it's not all wine and roses when it comes to love. Ecstasy, euphoria, elation and contentment may be accompanied by jealousy, rage, rejection, and hatred. Falling in love may have evolved because people, who focus their attention on a single ideal partner save time and energy, therefore improve their chances of survival and reproduction. Unfortunately, this also means people are pre-disposed to terrible suffering when jilted by their beloved. Painful emotions develop when the reward centers of the brain, associated with the dopamine high of falling in love, fail to get their hit. Paradoxically when we get dumped we tend to love back even harder, as the brain networks and chemicals associated with love increase. First we protest and attempt to win the beloved back. Panic also kicks in as we feel something akin to the separation anxiety experiences by young mammals abandoned by their mothers. While love in virtual worlds may still be unusual, less intense online relationships have become commonplace. A study completed last month by the non-profit Pew Internet & American Life Project based in Washington DC found that 74 per cent of single internet users in the US have taken part in at least one online dating-related activity, including sites specifically devoted to finding a match, while 15 per cent of American adults say they know someone who has been in a long-term relationship with a partner they met online. So it is the big attraction.
Thursday, October 11, 2007
The Relience King, Dhirubhai Ambani
Dhirajlal Hirachand Ambani, one of the leading Indian businessmen, was born on December 28, 1932 in Chorwad, Gujarat. Popularly known as Dhirubhai Ambani, he heads The Reliance Industries, India's largest private enterprise.
Dhirubhai started off as a small time worker with Arab merchants in the 1950s and moved to Mumbai in 1958 to start his own business in spices. After making modest profits, he moved into textiles and opened his mill near Ahmedabad. Dhirubhai founded Reliance Industries in 1958. After that it was a saga of expansions and successes.
Reliance, acknowledged as one of the best-run companies in the world has various sectors like petrochemicals, textiles and is involved in the production of crude oil and gas, to polyester and polymer products. The companies’ refinery at Jamnagar accounts for over 25% of India's total refining capacity and their plant at Hazira is the biggest chemical complex in India. The company has further diversified into Telecom, Insurance and Internet Businesses, the Power Sector and so on. Now the Reliance group with over 85,000 employees provides almost 5% of the Central Government's total revenue.
Dhirubhai has been one among the select Forbes billionaires and has also figured in the Sunday Times list of top 50 businessmen in Asia. His industrious nature and willingness to take on any risk has made him what he is. In 1986 after a heart attack he has handed over his empire to his two sons Anil and Mukesh. His sons are carrying on the successful tradition of their illustrious father.
Early life -
'Dhirajlal Hirachand Ambani' was born on 28 December 1932, at Chorwad, Junagadh in the state of Gujarat, India, into a Modh family of very moderate means. He was the second son of a school teacher. When he was 16 years old, he moved to Aden, Yemen. Initially, Dhirubhai worked as a dispatch clerk with A. Besse & Co. Two years later A. Besse & Co. became the distributors for Shell products and Dhirubhai was promoted to manage the company’s oil-filling station at the port of Aden.
He was married to Kokilaben and had two sons and two daughters. He also worked in Dubai for some time during his early years.
Life in Aden -
Kokilaben and Dhirubhai Ambani, In the 1950s, the Yemini administration realized that their main unit of currency, the Rial, was disappearing fast. Upon launching an investigation, they realized that a lot of Rials were being routed to the Port City of Aden. It was found that a young man in his twenties was placing unlimited buy orders for Yemini Rials.
During those days, the Yemini Rial was made of pure silver coins and was in much demand at the London Bullion Exchange. Young Dhirubhai bought the Rials, melted them into pure silver and sold it to the bullion traders in London. During the latter part of his life, while talking to reporters, it is believed that he said “The margins were small but it was money for jam. After three months, it was stopped. But I made a few lakhs. In short, I was a manipulator. A very good manipulator. But I don’t believe in not taking opportunities.
Reliance Commercial Corporation -
Ten years later, Dhirubai returned to India and started the Reliance Commercial Corporation with a capital of Rs. 15,000.00. The primary business of Reliance Commercial Corporation was to import polyester yarn and export spices.The business was setup in partnership with Champaklal Damani, his second cousin, who used to be with him in Aden, Yemen. The first office of the Reliance Commercial Corporation was set up at the Narsinathan Street in Masjid Bunder. It was a 350 Sq. Ft. room with a telephone, one table and three chairs. Initially, they had two assistants to help them with their business. In 1965, Champaklal Damani and Dhirubhai Ambani ended their partnership and Dhirubhai started on his own. It is believed that both had different temperaments and a different take on how to conduct business. While Mr. Damani was a cautious trader and did not believe in building yarn inventories, Dhirubhai was a known risk taker and he considered that building inventories, anticipating a price rise, and making profits through that was good for growth.
During this period, Dhirubhai and his family used to stay in an one bedroom apartment at the Jaihind Estate in Bhuleshwar. Mumbai. In 1968, he moved to an up market apartment at Altamount Road in South Mumbai.
Reliance Textiles -
Sensing a good opportunity in the textile business, Dhirubhai started his first textile mill at Naroda, near Ahmedabad in the year 1966. Textiles were manufactured using polyester fibre yarn. Dhirubhai started the brand "Vimal", which was named after his elder brother Ramaniklal Ambani's son, Vimal Ambani. Extensive marketing of the brand "Vimal" in the interiors of India made it a household name. Franchise retail outlets were started and they used to sell "only Vimal" brand of textiles. In the year 1975, a Technical team from the World Bank visited the Reliance Textiles' Manufacturing unit. This unit has the rare distinction of being certified as "excellent even by developed country standards" during that period.
Death -
Dhirubhai Ambani was admitted to the Breach Candy Hospital in Mumbai on June 24, 2002 after he suffered a major "brain stroke". This was his second stroke, the first one had occurred in February 1986 and had kept his right hand paralyzed. He was in a state of coma for more than a week. A battery of doctors were unable to save his life. He breathed his last on July 6, 2002, at around 11:50 P.M. (Indian Standard Time).
His funeral procession was not only attended by business people, politicians and celebrities but also by thousands of ordinary people. His elder son, Mukesh Ambani, performed the last rites as per Hindu traditions. He was cremated at the Chandanwadi Crematorium in Mumbai at around 4:30 PM (Indian Standard Time) on July 7, 2002.
He is survived by Kokilaben Ambani, his wife, two sons, Mukesh Ambani and Anil Ambani, and two daughters, Nina Kothari and Deepti Salgaocar.
Dhirubhai Ambani started his long journey in Bombay from the Mulji-Jetha Textile Market, where he started as a small-trader. As a mark of respect to this great businessman, The Mumbai Textile Merchants' decided to keep the market closed on July 8, 2002. At the time of Dhirubhai's death, Reliance Group had a gross turnover of Rs. 75,000 Crore or USD $ 15 Billion. In 1976-77, the Reliance group had an annual turnover of Rs 70 crore and Dhirubhai had started the business with Rs.15,000.
Dhirubhai started off as a small time worker with Arab merchants in the 1950s and moved to Mumbai in 1958 to start his own business in spices. After making modest profits, he moved into textiles and opened his mill near Ahmedabad. Dhirubhai founded Reliance Industries in 1958. After that it was a saga of expansions and successes.
Reliance, acknowledged as one of the best-run companies in the world has various sectors like petrochemicals, textiles and is involved in the production of crude oil and gas, to polyester and polymer products. The companies’ refinery at Jamnagar accounts for over 25% of India's total refining capacity and their plant at Hazira is the biggest chemical complex in India. The company has further diversified into Telecom, Insurance and Internet Businesses, the Power Sector and so on. Now the Reliance group with over 85,000 employees provides almost 5% of the Central Government's total revenue.
Dhirubhai has been one among the select Forbes billionaires and has also figured in the Sunday Times list of top 50 businessmen in Asia. His industrious nature and willingness to take on any risk has made him what he is. In 1986 after a heart attack he has handed over his empire to his two sons Anil and Mukesh. His sons are carrying on the successful tradition of their illustrious father.
Early life -
'Dhirajlal Hirachand Ambani' was born on 28 December 1932, at Chorwad, Junagadh in the state of Gujarat, India, into a Modh family of very moderate means. He was the second son of a school teacher. When he was 16 years old, he moved to Aden, Yemen. Initially, Dhirubhai worked as a dispatch clerk with A. Besse & Co. Two years later A. Besse & Co. became the distributors for Shell products and Dhirubhai was promoted to manage the company’s oil-filling station at the port of Aden.
He was married to Kokilaben and had two sons and two daughters. He also worked in Dubai for some time during his early years.
Life in Aden -
Kokilaben and Dhirubhai Ambani, In the 1950s, the Yemini administration realized that their main unit of currency, the Rial, was disappearing fast. Upon launching an investigation, they realized that a lot of Rials were being routed to the Port City of Aden. It was found that a young man in his twenties was placing unlimited buy orders for Yemini Rials.
During those days, the Yemini Rial was made of pure silver coins and was in much demand at the London Bullion Exchange. Young Dhirubhai bought the Rials, melted them into pure silver and sold it to the bullion traders in London. During the latter part of his life, while talking to reporters, it is believed that he said “The margins were small but it was money for jam. After three months, it was stopped. But I made a few lakhs. In short, I was a manipulator. A very good manipulator. But I don’t believe in not taking opportunities.
Reliance Commercial Corporation -
Ten years later, Dhirubai returned to India and started the Reliance Commercial Corporation with a capital of Rs. 15,000.00. The primary business of Reliance Commercial Corporation was to import polyester yarn and export spices.The business was setup in partnership with Champaklal Damani, his second cousin, who used to be with him in Aden, Yemen. The first office of the Reliance Commercial Corporation was set up at the Narsinathan Street in Masjid Bunder. It was a 350 Sq. Ft. room with a telephone, one table and three chairs. Initially, they had two assistants to help them with their business. In 1965, Champaklal Damani and Dhirubhai Ambani ended their partnership and Dhirubhai started on his own. It is believed that both had different temperaments and a different take on how to conduct business. While Mr. Damani was a cautious trader and did not believe in building yarn inventories, Dhirubhai was a known risk taker and he considered that building inventories, anticipating a price rise, and making profits through that was good for growth.
During this period, Dhirubhai and his family used to stay in an one bedroom apartment at the Jaihind Estate in Bhuleshwar. Mumbai. In 1968, he moved to an up market apartment at Altamount Road in South Mumbai.
Reliance Textiles -
Sensing a good opportunity in the textile business, Dhirubhai started his first textile mill at Naroda, near Ahmedabad in the year 1966. Textiles were manufactured using polyester fibre yarn. Dhirubhai started the brand "Vimal", which was named after his elder brother Ramaniklal Ambani's son, Vimal Ambani. Extensive marketing of the brand "Vimal" in the interiors of India made it a household name. Franchise retail outlets were started and they used to sell "only Vimal" brand of textiles. In the year 1975, a Technical team from the World Bank visited the Reliance Textiles' Manufacturing unit. This unit has the rare distinction of being certified as "excellent even by developed country standards" during that period.
Death -
Dhirubhai Ambani was admitted to the Breach Candy Hospital in Mumbai on June 24, 2002 after he suffered a major "brain stroke". This was his second stroke, the first one had occurred in February 1986 and had kept his right hand paralyzed. He was in a state of coma for more than a week. A battery of doctors were unable to save his life. He breathed his last on July 6, 2002, at around 11:50 P.M. (Indian Standard Time).
His funeral procession was not only attended by business people, politicians and celebrities but also by thousands of ordinary people. His elder son, Mukesh Ambani, performed the last rites as per Hindu traditions. He was cremated at the Chandanwadi Crematorium in Mumbai at around 4:30 PM (Indian Standard Time) on July 7, 2002.
He is survived by Kokilaben Ambani, his wife, two sons, Mukesh Ambani and Anil Ambani, and two daughters, Nina Kothari and Deepti Salgaocar.
Dhirubhai Ambani started his long journey in Bombay from the Mulji-Jetha Textile Market, where he started as a small-trader. As a mark of respect to this great businessman, The Mumbai Textile Merchants' decided to keep the market closed on July 8, 2002. At the time of Dhirubhai's death, Reliance Group had a gross turnover of Rs. 75,000 Crore or USD $ 15 Billion. In 1976-77, the Reliance group had an annual turnover of Rs 70 crore and Dhirubhai had started the business with Rs.15,000.
"Addicted", A Story of a sex addict woman
If you are in touch with you're sexuality and enjoy sex for that matter...this book is for you. You will be taken on a journey with a woman who just seems like she can't satisfy her sexual needs...but in the end the truth behind it is revealed and she gets her life back on track...I really enjoy reading books especially those that keep me wanting more...Zane is known for writing amazing novels...this is just another edition to her collection! For successful African-American businesswoman Zoë Reynard, finding the pleasure she wants, the way she wants it, is not worth the risk of losing everything she has: marriage to the man she has loved since childhood, a thriving company, three wonderful children. But Zoë feels helpless in the grip of an overpowering addiction...to sex. Finding a compassionate woman therapist to help her, Zoë (main character of this thriller) finally summons the courage to tell her torrid story, a tale of guilt and desire as shocking as it is compelling. From the sensitive artist with whom she spends stolen hours on rumpled sheets to the rough and violent man who draws her toward destruction, Zoë is a woman desperately searching for fulfillment. And she wants something darker, deeper, and perhaps deadly. As her life spins out of control and her sexual escapades carry her toward a dangerous choice, Zoë is racing against time to uncover the source of her "fatal attraction" -- as chilling secrets tumble forth from the recesses of a woman's mind, and perilous temptations lead toward a climax that can threaten her sanity, her marriage...and her life. Zoë and Jason fell in love as teenagers, they got married, had three kids, and they enjoyed a wonderful life--except for the sexual side, which has never been enough for Zoë. And so she becomes a sex addict, with three lovers. And that time, it is a situation that does not end well.
World's the First wonder and The Symbol Of Love, TAJMAHAL
The Taj Mahal in Agra, India,is one of the most beautiful monuments in the world. The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, as the mausoleum of his beloved queen Mumtaz Mahal, after her death in 1631.The Taj Mahal is recognized worldwise as a symbol of eternal love.Built of white marble and surrounded by green gardens. The Taj Mahal is a breathtalkingly beautiful sight. The Taj Mahal is a UNESCO world heritage site and is consideres as a first wonder of the world this year, and it is the supreme example of Mughal architecture in India. Shah Jahan came to power in 1622.He was generous and extravagant.He adorned India with some of its most beautiful architecture, and built The Taj Mahal as a symbol of devotion to his wife. He had married 'Mumtaz Mahal' when he was 21.Mumtaz died at the age of 39.This tomb was only one of hundreds of beautiful buildings that Shah Jahan erected, mostly at Agra and in the new Delhi that came into being under his planning. Many architects have rated it as the most perfect of all buildings standing on earth. Three artists designed it: a Persian, an Italian, and a Frenchman. Even the skilled artisans who built it were brought in from Baghdad, Constantinople, and other centers of the Muslim faith. For 22 years more than 20,000 workmen built the Taj. The Maharaja of Jaipur sent the marble as a gift to Shah Jahan. The building and its surroundings cost more than $200,000,000 in today’s currency.
Passing through a high wall, one comes suddently upon the Taj - raised upon a marble platform, and framed on either side by handsome mosques and stately minarets. In the foreground spacious gardens enclose a pool in whose waters the inverted palace becomes a quivering dream. Every portion of the structure is of white marble, precious metals, or costly stones. The building is a complex figure of twelve sides, four of which are portals. A slender minaret rises at each corner, and the roof is a massive spired dome. The main entrance, once guarded with solid silver gates, is a maze of marble embroidery; inlaid in the wall in jeweled script are qotations from the Koran, one of which invites the "pure in heart" to enter "the gardens of Paradise.” In 1657 his son Aurangzeb led an insurrection from the Deccan. Aurangzeb defeated all the forces sent against him, captured his father, and imprisoned him in the Fort of Agra. For 9 bitter years the deposed emperor lingered there, never visited by his son, attended only by his faithful daughter Jahanara, and spending his days looking from the Jasmine Tower of his prison across the Jumna to where his once-beloved Mumtaz lay in her jeweled tomb.The new emperor Aurangzeb was a more pious Muslim than his father Shah Jahan had been. He memorized the entire Koran, spent days in fasts, and campaigned against infidelity. He cared little for luxuries, but, paradoxically, gave the world one of its most perfect works of art: a marble screen inside the Taj Mahal. Native and European thieves robbed the tomb of its abundant jewels, and of the gold railing, encrusted with precious stones, that once enclosed the sarcophagi of Shah Jahan and his Queen. Aurangzeb replaced the railing with an octagonal screen of almost transparent marble, carved into a miracle of alabaster lace. Few products of human art have ever surpassed the beauty of this screen.From afar the Taj Mahal, with its delicate details, is not imposing. Only a nearer view reveals that its perfection has no proportion to its size. When in our hurried times, we see enormous structures of a hundred stories raised in a year, and then consider how 20,000 men worked for 22 years on this little tomb, hardly a hundred feet high, we begin to sense the difference between industry and art. And perhaps more importantly, we sense the ultimate lesson it offers: beauty is based on love.
Passing through a high wall, one comes suddently upon the Taj - raised upon a marble platform, and framed on either side by handsome mosques and stately minarets. In the foreground spacious gardens enclose a pool in whose waters the inverted palace becomes a quivering dream. Every portion of the structure is of white marble, precious metals, or costly stones. The building is a complex figure of twelve sides, four of which are portals. A slender minaret rises at each corner, and the roof is a massive spired dome. The main entrance, once guarded with solid silver gates, is a maze of marble embroidery; inlaid in the wall in jeweled script are qotations from the Koran, one of which invites the "pure in heart" to enter "the gardens of Paradise.” In 1657 his son Aurangzeb led an insurrection from the Deccan. Aurangzeb defeated all the forces sent against him, captured his father, and imprisoned him in the Fort of Agra. For 9 bitter years the deposed emperor lingered there, never visited by his son, attended only by his faithful daughter Jahanara, and spending his days looking from the Jasmine Tower of his prison across the Jumna to where his once-beloved Mumtaz lay in her jeweled tomb.The new emperor Aurangzeb was a more pious Muslim than his father Shah Jahan had been. He memorized the entire Koran, spent days in fasts, and campaigned against infidelity. He cared little for luxuries, but, paradoxically, gave the world one of its most perfect works of art: a marble screen inside the Taj Mahal. Native and European thieves robbed the tomb of its abundant jewels, and of the gold railing, encrusted with precious stones, that once enclosed the sarcophagi of Shah Jahan and his Queen. Aurangzeb replaced the railing with an octagonal screen of almost transparent marble, carved into a miracle of alabaster lace. Few products of human art have ever surpassed the beauty of this screen.From afar the Taj Mahal, with its delicate details, is not imposing. Only a nearer view reveals that its perfection has no proportion to its size. When in our hurried times, we see enormous structures of a hundred stories raised in a year, and then consider how 20,000 men worked for 22 years on this little tomb, hardly a hundred feet high, we begin to sense the difference between industry and art. And perhaps more importantly, we sense the ultimate lesson it offers: beauty is based on love.
MASSAGE THERAPY,combination of Science and Art
Massage Therapy, a combination of science and art, provides a relaxing experience by artistic hand strokes on the body to rejuvenate the mind and body and eliminate stress scientifically. The origin of the term ‘massage’ can be traced to four sources: Massage involves the manipulation of the soft tissue structures of the body to prevent pain, discomfort, muscle spasm, and stress; and, to promote health and wellness. The different movements can physically stretch muscles, ligaments, tendons and fascia, boost the circulation through the tissue, inhibit muscular spasms and be either sedating or stimulating to the nervous system. Therapeutic massage improves functioning of the circulatory, lymphatic, muscular, skeletal, and nervous systems and may improve the rate at which the body recovers from injury and illness.
Benefit of Massage Therapy:
Massage Oils:
Today there are many types of massage oil with various uses. The various oils contain ingredients for specific or all skin types to purify and nourish the skin. Essential oils are used to enhance the massage treatment more popularly known as Aromatherapy.
• Sweet Almond Oil is light, sweet and slightly nutty oil which is anti-inflammatory in nature. It is known to penetrate and nourish the skin. This oil is also known to be one of the most popular carrier oils
• Apricot oil has moisturizing, nourishing and revitalizing properties and is particularly helpful for dehydrated, delicate, mature and sensitive skin. It is also helpful to soothe inflammation.
• Avocado oil is often used for people with dry or mature skin, people suffering from eczema, psoriasis or similar skin complaints. It is also very useful when treating sun or climate damaged skin that is dehydrated and under nourished, as it is said to help with the regenerating of the skin and softening of the tissue.
• Jojoba oil is ideal for all skin types. It can in most cases be used on blemished skin without any problems, as it helps to control acne. Jojoba is also a favorite oil to use as carrier oil for aromatherapy as it penetrates the skin easily. Jojoba is anti-bacterial and helps breaking down sebum in plugged pores.
• Wheat germ oil has a high vitamin E content and essential fatty acids, thus it is used extensively in aromatherapy massage blends. It is said to promote a smoother, younger-looking skin, assisting in healing scar tissue as well as stretch marks.
• Hazelnut oil is fine in texture, and has great moisturizing qualities. Hazelnut oil helps tone and tightens the skin while strengthening capillaries and assisting in cell regeneration.
• Sesame Oil is good for all skin types, destroys ringworm, scabies and most fungal skin diseases. Considered to be antiseptic and thought to be most stable in terms of spoilage.
• Holy oil is known to be ideal carrier oil due to its molecular structure. It carries essential oils deep into the skin. An excellent glide, non-greasy, odorless, hypoallergenic oil.
Tension can build up in the muscles, causing a decrease in blood circulation and nutrient delivery to tissues. When stress and tension subsist over a long period of time it silently creeps over to affect many systems of our body leading to heart disorders, memory loss, gastrointestinal disorders and decreasing immune system!! A massage therapist without a certification would probably add to your stress accumulation than relieve you of it. Hence, it becomes a first check, as in all forms of remedies to look for a certified Massage Therapist to perform a physical massage therapy. Physical massage therapy by its very medium of touch work on muscles, tendons and ligaments to decrease muscular tension, increase removal of metabolic waste and thereby promote nutrient delivery to healing tissues. As the muscles improve in tone, so do the nerves that supply them to the spinal cord and back to the brain. The nerves provide stimulus for movement and feeling and are extremely sensitive and alert to the atmosphere inside and outside the body.
The American Medical Association recommends that massage therapists receive training in a massage therapy institution that has been accredited by the Commission of Massage Therapy Accreditation. It is equally important to make sure that they have this accreditation and are Nationally Certified in Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork
A certification in massage therapy ensures that the therapist has expert information on anatomy and physiology, as well as hands on training in specific or various massage techniques. A Massage therapist therefore can diagnose the health and disease and thereby decide upon the befitting technique to be employed to relieve the massage receiver of his problem. This is important because for a massage to work, it needs to be utilizing the correct technique.
Benefit of Massage Therapy:
- Massage therapy and bodywork increases blood circulation.
- A therapist can render massage that stimulates the lymph system, the body’s natural defense, against toxic invaders.
- The body’s natural painkiller. Studies have also found that acupuncture treatment could release other pain-relieving substances called opiods.
- Is being incorporated into treatment for chronic illness, injury and recovery from surgery to control and relieve pain.
- Contributes to shorter labor and reduced tearing for expectant mothers, as well as lessening the need for medication, minimizing depression and anxiety.
- It can relax tense and tightened muscles. Massage therapist often render massage to treat low-back pain and neck pain.
- Reduces overall stress. It helps the body's stress response by lowering levels of stress hormones such as cortisol.
- Emotional Benefit of Massage Therapy:
Massage Oils:
Today there are many types of massage oil with various uses. The various oils contain ingredients for specific or all skin types to purify and nourish the skin. Essential oils are used to enhance the massage treatment more popularly known as Aromatherapy.
• Sweet Almond Oil is light, sweet and slightly nutty oil which is anti-inflammatory in nature. It is known to penetrate and nourish the skin. This oil is also known to be one of the most popular carrier oils
• Apricot oil has moisturizing, nourishing and revitalizing properties and is particularly helpful for dehydrated, delicate, mature and sensitive skin. It is also helpful to soothe inflammation.
• Avocado oil is often used for people with dry or mature skin, people suffering from eczema, psoriasis or similar skin complaints. It is also very useful when treating sun or climate damaged skin that is dehydrated and under nourished, as it is said to help with the regenerating of the skin and softening of the tissue.
• Jojoba oil is ideal for all skin types. It can in most cases be used on blemished skin without any problems, as it helps to control acne. Jojoba is also a favorite oil to use as carrier oil for aromatherapy as it penetrates the skin easily. Jojoba is anti-bacterial and helps breaking down sebum in plugged pores.
• Wheat germ oil has a high vitamin E content and essential fatty acids, thus it is used extensively in aromatherapy massage blends. It is said to promote a smoother, younger-looking skin, assisting in healing scar tissue as well as stretch marks.
• Hazelnut oil is fine in texture, and has great moisturizing qualities. Hazelnut oil helps tone and tightens the skin while strengthening capillaries and assisting in cell regeneration.
• Sesame Oil is good for all skin types, destroys ringworm, scabies and most fungal skin diseases. Considered to be antiseptic and thought to be most stable in terms of spoilage.
• Holy oil is known to be ideal carrier oil due to its molecular structure. It carries essential oils deep into the skin. An excellent glide, non-greasy, odorless, hypoallergenic oil.
Tension can build up in the muscles, causing a decrease in blood circulation and nutrient delivery to tissues. When stress and tension subsist over a long period of time it silently creeps over to affect many systems of our body leading to heart disorders, memory loss, gastrointestinal disorders and decreasing immune system!! A massage therapist without a certification would probably add to your stress accumulation than relieve you of it. Hence, it becomes a first check, as in all forms of remedies to look for a certified Massage Therapist to perform a physical massage therapy. Physical massage therapy by its very medium of touch work on muscles, tendons and ligaments to decrease muscular tension, increase removal of metabolic waste and thereby promote nutrient delivery to healing tissues. As the muscles improve in tone, so do the nerves that supply them to the spinal cord and back to the brain. The nerves provide stimulus for movement and feeling and are extremely sensitive and alert to the atmosphere inside and outside the body.
The American Medical Association recommends that massage therapists receive training in a massage therapy institution that has been accredited by the Commission of Massage Therapy Accreditation. It is equally important to make sure that they have this accreditation and are Nationally Certified in Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork
A certification in massage therapy ensures that the therapist has expert information on anatomy and physiology, as well as hands on training in specific or various massage techniques. A Massage therapist therefore can diagnose the health and disease and thereby decide upon the befitting technique to be employed to relieve the massage receiver of his problem. This is important because for a massage to work, it needs to be utilizing the correct technique.
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